The cotton industry relies on GM cotton expressing insecticidal toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). This provides resistance to key pests of cotton, the bollworm Helicoverpa armigera and the native budworm H.

The native budworm Helicoverpa punctigera is an important pest of field crops in Australia alongside the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera, and both share a number of host plants. H.