This is a report on research and development needs for stream restoration in Australia. The report was prepared by the Cooperative Research Centre for Catchment Hydrology (CRCCH) and attempts to provide information required for the development of a national stream restoration program by the Land and Water Resources Research and Development Corporation (LWRRDC), Canberra. Stream restoration (as defined below) is the manipulation of the physical and hydrological character of a stream with the intention of returning some, or all, of the streams original physical and ecological values. Since it is usually impossible, in all but the rarest cases, to restore the original condition of an Australian stream, we use the term 'stream rehabilitation' throughout the document.