Carried out as a summer scholarship between December 2012 and March 2013, the researcher sought to outline the potential contribution of corn in rotation with cotton, in comparison to historical cotton and wheat rotations after minimum or maximum tillage. It tested the hypothesis that there is no difference in cotton root growth for cotton grown in a cotton monoculture, and after wheat and corn. Understanding cotton root growth and turnover will enhance the capability for primary industries to adopt more resilient and adaptive farming strategies and systems, and also encourage adaptive strategies to change initiatives and resource development. A better understanding of cotton root growth characteristics under monoculture and different rotations will provide growers with better crop water and nutrient management strategies.The field experiment was conducted in Narrabri NSW, consisting of six treatments in a split plot design with four replicates. The experiment used minirhizotron, core break, root washing and plant mapping methods to measure cotton root growth and turnover during the 2012/2013 growing season. Cotton vegetative growth and potential carbon input by cotton roots was improved by including corn in rotation (cotton-corn-cotton) relative to historical cotton rotations.