Information on the distribution of rainfall (the key driving variable for inland populations of H. punctigera) has been obtained from the Bureau of Meteorology. NOAA satellite images showing Normalised Difference Vegetation Indices (NOVI; a measure of vegetation greenness) have been obtained from NASA. These data have been used as inputs for a GIS model which predicts the suitability of inland areas for Helicoverpa breeding (details of the model can be found on the web site of Dr. Wayne Rochester, University of Queensland). This model was developed as part of earlier CRDC and GRDC funded research on Helicoverpa ecology in inland Australia